Jan 18, 2008
Public bus market to be liberalised
Govt takes bold initiative to increase competition so as to provide more efficient bus services
By Christopher Tan, The Straits Times (Online)
BUS commuters have long been second-class road users. Not anymore. Transport Minister Raymond Lim on Friday unveiled a slew of initiatives that will make commuting by bus much faster and more comfortable than it is today.
First off, the Land Transport Authority will assume the role as centralised bus route planner, so that commuters in all areas of Singapore are better served and waiting times are cut.
'Currently, the two public transport operators plan the bus routes within their areas of operation based on commercial considerations, subject to minimum service obligations,'' the minister said. He said this has led to some services running at intervals of more than half an hour.
After LTA has taken over as central bus route planner by end-2009, it will open up the bus market to more players. Today, the market is dominated by SBS Transit, with SMRT Buses as much smaller second player. The LTA will invite tenders from any company keen to ply specific 'route parcels' to be drawn up.
Secondly, fares will be purely distance-based, and the current transfer penalty will be removed. So if a commuter decides to change bus (or go from a bus to a train) so as to get to his destination faster, he will pay the same fare as someone who does not break up his journey.
This is because the new bus services structure ahead will be a 'hub-and-spoke' system (as opposed to the current system of many direct services), and might require more transfers. 'Transfers are part and parcel of a hub-and-spoke system,' Mr Lim said.
Then, the Government will roll out measures to ensure that buses get right of way on the road. There will be more bus lanes, with the length of full-day bus lanes trebling from 7km today to 23km by June.
It will be mandatory for motorists to give way to buses exiting bus bays†; and buses will have priority signal lights at major junctions. With these moves, it hopes to raise the average speed of buses to 20-25kmh by next year - from 19kmh today.
The Government will also build more integrated transport hubs - where bus and rail services meet. There are currently three (Ang Mo Kio, Toa Payoh and Sengkang), with two more (Boon Lay and Clementi) coming up in the next couple of years. Five more will be built over the next decade.
Finally, integrated transport information, which will help commuters plan their journeys as well as let them know when their buses are arriving.
'By 2015, our target is for 80 per cent of public transport commuters to complete their journeys within an hour, from the point they set off, to arriving at their destination - up from 71 per cent today,' the minister said.
He added that by 2020, travelling by public transport should not take more than 1.5 times than a journey by car - down from the current 1.7 times. - SPH
Key changes to improve land transport in S'pore
• Distance-based fares to allow transfers
Commuter will no longer be penalised when they transfer from one bus to another while still on the same journey. The fare will be calculated based on the total distance travelled instead and the commuters will pay less for the distance. For example, a trip from Sin Ming in Thomson to the Singapore Management University at Bras Basah will cost $1.09 instead of $1.31 now.
• Buses will get more priority on the road
There will be more full-day bus lanes so that buses can have unimpeded travel. It will be mandatory for all other vehicles to give way to buses exiting from bus bays by end of 2008. By June 2008, network of normal bus lanes will be extended from 120 km to 150 km, and full-day bus lanes will treble from 7 km to 23 km. Bus drivers now spend 9 per cent of their time on the roads waiting for others to give way. These measures to give priority to buses will increase bus speeds to 20 to 25 kph by 2009, up from the current 16 kph for feeder buses and 19 kph for trunk buses.
• More competition to operate buses
LTA will open up the market and tender out parcels of bus routes to anyone who can deliver the services at the standards it spells out. Cities in Europe, Australia and Hong Kong have moved towars making their bus services more contestable. They found that introducing some form of competition, or even just the real threat of competition, is an effective way to keep bus operations efficient and raise service standards. There are now two public transport operators - the SMRT and SBS Transit - in Singapore running about 3,700 buses on the roads. This has lead to a situation where out of more than 250 bus services, only 35 per cent are run at intervals of 10 minutes or less. Some even run at intervals longer than 30 minutes. The feeder buses make huge, circuitous loops before they get to the MRT station or bus interchange. There is no integrated travel information from the two operators.
• Centralised bus planning
The public transport system serves two-thirds of all commuter trips in Singapore, thus, rail and buses must work in close partnership. By 2009, LTA will take on central planning of the bus network so that there will be only one agency handling the land transport planning, which will integrate the bus, rail and the road network.
• Speeding up travel by public transport
By 2015, the target is for 80 per cent of public transport commuters to complete their journeys within an hour - up from 71 per cent today. Gap between public transport and car journey times will be narrowed. By 2020, journeys on public transport should not take more than 1.5 times that by car, a drop from the current 1.7 times. At least 80 per cent of bus services must be run at peak frequencies of 10 minutes or less by August 2009, compared with 15 minutest today.
• More niche services
Expect more niche bus services like the premium buses from housing estates to the city centre. Over 60 are running and another 40 more are awaiting approval.
• Integrated public transport service information
Travel information is a missing link in the commuting chain until recently. To reduce the anxiety of waiting and provide more certainty on journey times, dynamic, real-time information will be made available to commuters on the go. To help people plan their journeys better, LTA and Transitlink will come up with an enhanced integrated public transport journey planner, which also has basic map features by July 2008. There will also be an interactive electronic map of the island where commuters can get information on bus service routes, bus stops and rail stations, arrival information and landmarks at a glance - at home or on office computer, and mobile devices.
† finally following australia's lead.