Originally posted by Hkkoh:
It is at Geylang. The Guru is a retreat master and he
is very compassionate, approachable. :) not mercenary
at all.
By the way a Vajrayana friend of mine said don't rush first -- one should observe the guru for a while first, like a few months or even 1 or 2 years and seeing that the criteria of a good guru is met before choosing the guru. I think this is a good advice, and is in line with advice given in traditional texts.
Here's something useful I found:
The spiritual friend as a ordinary being
This
kind of teacher is the one, who has been explained most elaborately by
Gampopa in this text Jewel Ornament of Liberation (Snow Lion, by
Gampopa, translated by Khenpo Konchog Gyaltsen Ripoche).
The
reason, why he goes so much into details is because this is the kind of
teacher who is relevant for us. That is why it is also very important
for us to know, how this teacher should be, what the actual
characteristic of a qualified teacher is. The best kind of ordinary
teacher has :
8 qualities
4 qualities
2 qualities minimum
The eight qualities are:
The
first quality is that the teacher should be somebody who himself has
taken the Bodhisattva vow and who is practising according to his
promise, somebody who is not himself against the Bodhisattva training.
What the Bodhisattva training exactly consists of will be explained
later.
The second quality is that the teacher should be somebody who
himself has received the teaching of the Bodhisattva path and he has to
be able to instruct the disciples in the Bodhisattva training.
The
third quality is that he should have some experience and practise.
These first three qualities refer to what kind of qualities a teacher
should have developed in his mind. The next five refer to the qualities
who are needed while he is teaching disciples.
The fourth quality is
that he should only be concerned about how he can benefit his students
while teaching. He should not think about how he can get money from the
disciples, get a good name or control the students. He should only be
motivated by the thought of benefiting others.
The fifth quality is
that when he is teaching, he should have the capacity to teach with
confidence, that he does not loose his courage and that he has the
ability to give the complete teaching. This is referring especially to
the teaching about the emptiness. He has to be able to transmit the
teachings in a powerful way without being afraid of it.
The sixth
quality is patience or acceptance. He should be able to take any kind
of hardship in his function. If it is very cold, hot or if he is
hungry, he should be able to take it and not let it disturb his
activity. He should have the patience not to get tired of all kinds of
questions he will be asked.
The seventh quality is motivation. He
should never get tired of teaching others. If the disciples are quite
impulsive or behaving in a bad way he should not give up or loose his
motivation. Ex.: If some students do not like him or his work anymore,
if they are criticising him, it should not turn him away from teaching,
instead he should put even more effort in improving his own teaching.
This means especially if one has some disciples who turned against one,
at that moment the teacher should not feel sad about it, but should
make wishes and try to think that one would be able to help this person
at an other time. If one is directly confronted one can have a
discussion.
The eighth quality is that during the teachings one
should only talk in a meaningful and straight way about what ever one
is teaching, one should not waste the time by talking nonsense, but
stick to the important teachings. He has to make sure that what he says
has some effect on the students, that it will help them to understand
what one is talking about.
(These teachings are based on the Alankarika-Sutra).
The teacher himself should have studied a lot and know properly the different Mahayana texts and Sutras.
The
teacher should be able to clarify doubts and questions of the students.
He should have patience, be willing to listen to the questions of the
students and have the capacity to give satisfying and in this way
clarifying answers.
The teachings, lets say about the disadvantages
of Samsara and the advantages of Nirvana, should not only be empty
words. He should somehow have some understanding of what he is talking
about and not just repeat the words without knowing what it means. The
teacher himself also should live in accordance with what he teaches and
not act totally different. His motivation should be only to benefit his
students.
The teacher should be able to explain clearly about the
relative and the ultimate teachings, the emptiness, and to transmit an
understanding of what this means.
The teacher with the two qualities while teaching the Mahayana-path.
He himself must have taken the bodhisattva-vow
And have compassion to teach other beings
Basically
he should know for himself what he teaches. If he teaches, for example,
the Ngondro, he should know the Ngondro himself.
For the students
it is important to examine his teacher to make sure that he is
qualified, because if he is not, one risks to go the wrong way on the
path. The student also should know about the background of the teacher,
where he comes from and what he has done so far. The Lama always will
say nice things and his pupils will always say nice things about him,
so one has to check.
Example: In the 12th century Kublai Khan
invited Sakya Pandita to come and to be his teacher. But for the first
three years he did not ask him for teaching. He only kept him there,
gave him food and treated him very nicely as his guest. He was kind of
checking him Then after three years he decided that he could be his
teacher. Because of that function Sakya Pandita was the first Lama to
get the position of king in Tibet. When the emperor finally came to
Sakya Pandita and requested him to teach, he said: OK, but I have to
examine you. So another three years Sakya Pandita examined, whether he
was a proper student. After these six years it was established that
Kublai Khan was the student and Sakya Pandita was his teacher. He gave
him teachings. However, he did not live so long and before he died, he
told the Kublai Khan, that Jamgon Pakpa, his nephew, should be his
teacher. So Jamgon Pakpa became the king of Tibet.
Definitely one
should examine the teacher or one might go a wrong way. One of the
reasons that it is so important is that once you decided for a teacher,
then you have to follow his Dharma instructions. You must listen to his
teachings and practise what he is instructing you. Otherwise you won't
get any results on your path.
A question might occur to some people
who did not examine their teacher and then found out that he was not
completely OK: What to do? If that is the case, then the best thing is
to leave it in neutral. The student should not think that the teacher
is bad or good, without judging too much one should leave it in neutral
and keep a certain distance.
Example: Just when a bee has taken the
honey from a flower then whatever he got he can use. In the same way:
If we have received some Dharma teachings from a teacher and then find
out that he is not acting according to the Dharma, something is not
completely OK, then we should just leave it by that and keep a distance
from him. But whatever Dharma we received, this is something beneficial
and we can use it.
The means of attending
In the text follow
instructions on how to attend a qualified teacher. Acting according to
these instructions will definitely help the student to develop quicker
on the path. His qualities will develop.
There are three different ways of attending the teacher.
Through respect and service
Traditionally
respect to the teacher is shown by prostrating to him before he gives
Dharma teachings. If for instance the students are already present, as
a sign of respect, they get up when the teacher comes in.
This is
more a traditional and cultural thing. But what is not cultural and
what is the most important is that one has mentally respect towards the
teacher. And that one respectfully regards the teacher. This must be
the attitude towards the teacher. Of course one has to be flexible with
that and one should also know and see what kind of situation it is.
Sometimes the Lama teaches in a huge hall somewhere in the world. If
the teacher comes in and all the students jump up and start to
prostrate, the other people who are not involved, might think that they
descended from another planet. That would be more harmful than useful.
The
Buddha himself tells directly that one should show respect according to
where one is (country, tradition). So this is very relative.
For
instance, even at the time of the Buddha there were different customs.
In some parts of India it was respectful to let the most respectable
person go first and the others followed. In other parts, the other
people had to go in front of him. But what is not conditioned by
customs and tradition is the mental attitude. There it is important to
have respect.
Another thing that is not depending on culture is that
the student need to feel that can never get enough teachings. When you
have listened to teachings you should not think that you have heard
enough. You should be always open to go deeper while receiving more
teachings. But of course when the teacher is always teaching the same,
it is OK if you think, I heard it before, so right now I do not have to
hear it again.
Since the Buddha's teachings are so vast and so
profound that not one single teacher can know everything. Then in order
to get the information of Buddhist teachings, it is good to receive
them from different teachers. If one teacher knows everything it is
enough.
Example: There was a very high master and scholar in Tibet, Jamyang Khyentse in the 19th century who attended 150 teachers.
Through aspiration and veneration
The
second aspect of the first way of attending the teacher is to serve him
in the way that if he needs something (food, clothes, etc.), one can
provide him with what can be helpful. One should be willing to do it
whenever necessary.
Through practise and endeavour regarding the practice Milarepa is used as an example.
The benefit - as stated in the Gandavyuhasutra
To attend a qualified teacher in the right way will give a lot of positive results and benefit:
You will not fall back into lower existences
You will not get into bad company, not get a bad teacher or be influenced by negative people
Dave
Apr 24 2007, 07:25 PM
---> see Jewel Ornament of Liberation, chapter three, Spiritual Friend.