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http://www.thejakartapost.com/detailheadlines.asp?fileid=20070628.B07&irec=6World's cities unable to cope with growth: UNFPA The Jakarta Post, JakartaFor the first time in the history of mankind, more than half of the world's population, or some 3.3 billion, will live in urban areas by 2008, a United Nations report says.
The report -- State of World Population Report 2007, Unleashing the Potential of Urban Growth, issued Wednesday by the United Nations Population Fund -- estimates the number of people living in urban areas will reach five billion by 2030.
Low-income households will make up a large percentage of the urban population, and unless clear interventions are taken many cities in the world will be unable to cope with the rapid growth, the report says.
Migration is expected to play just a small role in the urban population growth, as the United Nations foresees natural growth -- more births than deaths -- dominating the population increase.
"Urbanization is inevitable but it can be something positive," UNFPA's information director Safiye Cagar said in a statement.
Poverty, according to the report, will be centered in urban areas. Paradoxically, cities will continue to provide hope to the poor, giving them opportunities to lift their living standards not available in rural areas.
"Urban development has caused environmental destruction to some extent but solutions can also be immediately offered as many decision-makers and experts have a shared common belief that cities will be the right place to begin a sustainable future for all mankind," the report says.
The report sees beyond the present bitter and pressing urban realities and suggests opportunities to make good use of the available potentials.
Supported by civil society and urban non-profit groups, city administrations, national governments and UN agencies can step up "now" to make a huge difference in improving social, economic and environmental conditions for urban residents.
The report proposes at least three initiatives that can be adopted.
"The first one is by respecting the rights of urban poor. Administrations have embarked on a wrong, counter-productive approach of preventing migration by sweeping homeless from the streets and shunning public services for the poor. That's also a violation against human rights.
"(C)ity leaders have effective options by improving public services, making them accessible for anyone; providing education; also inviting women to get involved in economic developments; focusing on women's reproductive health."
The second initiative involves long-term, far-ranging city spatial management visions, in a bid to cut down poverty and improve sustainability.
"Land ownership must be available for urban poor on which they can build a proper house with access to water, waste disposal, transportation and electricity. To be able to meet this, a fresh and proactive approach is needed. City spatial planning thus must be able to answer this challenge," the report says
The third initiative envisions demographic institutions and experts playing a key role in supporting non-governmental organizations, the international community and governments to improve cities' expanding territory and urban dynamics in the future.