Malaysia's twelfth king, Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin, has stepped down from his post after a five-year reign to make way for the next monarch in a send-off steeped in colour and tradition.
The 63-year-old and queen Tuanku Fauziah were given a 21-gun salute at the nation's parliament after inspecting a guard of honour and meeting foreign envoys and ministers.
The visibly emotional couple had earlier bade farewell to their staff at their palace in Kuala Lumpur.
Hundreds of Malaysians lined the streets to wave goodbye to the king, who was accompanied by Prime Minister Abdullah Ahmad Badawi to the airport for a journey to his northern home state of Perlis.
The royal couple was greeted at Kuala Lumpur International Airport with a scene harking back to centuries-old traditions.
Some 500 dancers from Malaysia's states lined the road to the airport, accompanied by 50 drummers, 50 young women bearing flower arrangements and a group of performers of the Malay martial art of silat.
A six-year-old elephant called Amoi headed the procession decked in red and gold -- the colour of royalty -- in a reminder of the mode of transport favoured by sultans in bygone days.
The royal couple was feted with cries of "Long live the king!" before boarding a plane on their journey to Perlis, where thousands of Malaysians and cultural performers will greet them.
"This is symbolic of the old era. Whenever a sultan or a head of state travels, he is often preceded by a colourful parade," said Sara Roslan, a dancer from eastern Sabah state dressed in a red and black traditional costume.
Dancers also bore golden umbrellas and curved knives called keris, symbolising protection of the king from weather and danger.
Malaysians also called in sometimes tearful tributes to national television, which broadcast the king's farewell ceremony.
Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin, who has a son and daughter, was proclaimed Malaysia's 12th king in April, 2002.
The country on Wednesday is due to see the proclamation of its 13th king, the sultan of Terengganu state, Mizan Zainal Abidin, who at 44, will be one of the nation's youngest monarchs ever.
Constitutionally, the position of king is rotated every five years among the traditional Malay rulers of nine states. The monarch has largely ceremonial duties and acts on the advice of the cabinet.
However, he commands the respect of Malaysians, especially the country's majority ethnic Malays, who maintain a loyalty to rulers that can be traced back to Malay sultanates centuries ago.
The king or agong, as he is known, is also the majority-Muslim country's symbolic head of Islam and the nominal chief of the military.
"The agong was a people's king. He was not a controversial figure but he carried out his duties well," said one onlooker at the airport.