On Aug. 27, when Mars is closer to Earth than ever in human history, the one-way travel time of light and radio signals will be just 3 minutes and 6 seconds. Astronomers love to measure cosmic distances in light-years. In this case, you can think of the distance between the two planets as being 186 light-seconds
Already Mars cannot be missed. Just look low in the east-southeast sky on any clear, balmy evening soon after darkness falls and you'll see a fiery yellow-orange "star" blazing brilliantly.
From now into September, Mars shines with a topaz glow that is brighter than any other object in its region of the sky, except on those nights when the Moon is in the general vicinity (such as on Aug. 12 and 13, which will be a great stretch of time to see the two travelling through the sky together).
So on Aug. 27, according to astronomer Myles Standish at NASAs Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Mars will come within 34,646,418 miles (55,758,006 kilometers) of Earth at 5:51 a.m. EDT, which is just about as close as it can possibly come.
At that moment, it will then take a light beam 3 minutes and 6 seconds to cross the interplanetary gulf between Earth and Mars.
Things won't appear much different in the nights and mornings immediately surrounding that historic moment, so great observing can be done without worrying about the exact moment.
Opposition comes the following day, Aug. 28. The next opposition to bring Mars this close -- closer, actually -- will not occur until Aug. 29, 2287. The distance will be 34,603,170 miles (55,688,405 kilometers).
Mar will appear as huge as the Moon!
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